| Video
Capture of Stepped Leader |
| On
July 26, 2009, a probable lightning stepped leader was captured on video
tape during a short supercell chase. The chase itself yielded nothing more
than a wall cloud sighting which was hard to follow in the NJ countryside,
and the lightning photographs below. |
Video
sequence of frames local to the flash. From the frame prior to
the stepped leader (labeled Frame -1) until the end of the flash.
The total sequence is 12 frames, or ~360 ms in length.
The faint image of the main channel in frames 7-9 is not a camera
artifact, since a closer flash later in the trip did not result
in the "afterimage" effect. The superheated channel
is cooling, and not being dissipated by local winds.
Frame 2 is probably a subsequent stroke in which the dart leader
managed to re-energize a few of the larger branches.
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AniS
animation of video frames |
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| Stepped
leader in Frame 0 is visible in this image. We are heading W on I-195. |
Subsequent
return stroke(s) in Frame +1--no way to tell how many return strokes
occurred during this frame, but at least the first return stroke is
captured. |
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Close
up of the supposed stepped leader; note the forking of
the terminal end, suggesting a branching process. |
Rollover image
superimposing the leader on the main flash image from Frame +1. The
branching of the leader corresponds to the branching of the main channel.
The initial point of the leader is below the cloud base. |
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| Conclusion:
In the absence of a streak camera or high-speed camera, there is no way
to be sure Frame 0 is the image of a stepped leader. It is clearly not a
branch from a weak intracloud flash projecting downwards from the cloud
base. Also, the leader appears to be a segment of the main channel, even
forking at the branch point of the main channel. The evidence is highly
suggestive that this is a lucky video capture of a stepped leader.
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